Company Announcements

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

For the 26 weeks ended 27 February 2021

 

 

		26 weeks ended           27 February 2021                          (unaudited)	26 weeks ended         29 February 2020                        (unaudited)	52 weeks ended                  29 August 2020                                  (audited)
	Notes	£'000	£'000	£'000
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash generated from continuing operations	16	15,956	7,840	22,639
Interest received		57	111	176
Interest paid		(625)	(897)	(1,696)
Tax paid		(1,300)	(2,139)	(3,059)
Net cash generated from operating activities		14,088	4,915	18,060
Cash flows from investing activities
Contingent/deferred consideration paid		(131)	(1,596)	(2,659)
Dividends received from associate and joint ventures		368	294	701
Other loans		-	382	718
Purchase of intangible assets		(780)	(845)	(1,459)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment		125	141	421
Purchase of property, plant and equipment		(1,645)	(2,569)	(6,569)
Purchase of own shares held in trust		(9)	(13)	(58)
Net cash used in investing activities		(2,072)	(4,206)	(8,905)
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from issue of ordinary share capital		455	13	24
New financing and movement on RCF		5,609	2,500	1,889
Lease principal repayments		(1,556)	(1,569)	(3,171)
Repayment of borrowings		(1,200)	(1,247)	(2,459)
(Decrease)/increase in other borrowings		(604)	114	(14,508)
Dividends paid to shareholders		(4,390)	(3,344)	(3,344)
Dividends paid to related party		(368)	(294)	(588)
Net cash used in financing activities		(2,054)	(3,827)	(22,157)
Effects of exchange rate changes		(373)	(410)	(989)
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents		9,589	(3,528)	(13,991)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the period		10,304	24,295	24,295
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the period		19,893	20,767	10,304
Cash and cash equivalents consist of:
Cash and cash equivalents per the balance sheet		24,838	29,318	17,571
Bank overdrafts included in borrowings		(4,945)	(8,551)	(7,267)
		19,893	20,767	10,304

 

 

Statement of Directors' responsibilities

 

We confirm that to the best of our knowledge:

 

• the condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34 Interim Financial Reporting as adopted by the European Union ("EU") pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 as it applies in the EU and in accordance with international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006; and

​

• the interim management report includes a fair review of the information required by:

 

 

(a)      DTR 4.2.7R of the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules, being an indication of important events that have   occurred during the first six months of the financial year and their impact on the condensed consolidated financial   statements; and a description of the principal risks and uncertainties for the remaining six months of the year; and

(b)     DTR 4.2.8R of the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules, being related party transactions that have taken   place in the first six months of the current financial year and that have materially affected the financial position or   performance of the entity during that period; and any changes in the related party transactions described in the last   Annual Report that could do so.

 

The Directors are listed in the Annual Report and Accounts 2020, with the exception of the following changes in the period: Hugh Pelham was appointed on 4 January 2021, and Tim Davies resigned on 12 January 2021.  Kristen Eshak Weldon was appointed on 1 October 2020 and was included in the list of Directors in the Annual Report and Accounts 2020. A list of current Directors is maintained on the website: www.carrsgroup.com

 

 

On behalf of the Board

 

 

Hugh Pelham                                                                          Neil Austin

Chief Executive Officer                                                      Chief Financial Officer

21 April 2021                                                                           21 April 2021

 

 

 

 

Unaudited notes to condensed interim financial information

 

1.         General information

 

The Group operates across three divisions of Speciality Agriculture, Agricultural Supplies and Engineering.  The Company is a public limited company, which is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is incorporated and domiciled in the UK.  The address of the registered office is Old Croft, Stanwix, Carlisle, Cumbria CA3 9BA.

 

These condensed interim financial statements were approved for issue on 21 April 2021.

 

The comparative figures for the financial year ended 29 August 2020 are not the Company's statutory accounts for that financial year.  Those accounts have been reported on by the Company's auditor and delivered to the Registrar of Companies.  The report of the auditor was (i) unqualified, (ii) did not include a reference to any matters to which the auditor drew attention by way of emphasis without qualifying their report, and (iii) did not contain a statement under section 498 (2) or (3) of the Companies Act 2006.

 

2.         Basis of preparation

 

These condensed interim financial statements for the 26 weeks ended 27 February 2021 have been prepared in accordance with IAS 34, 'Interim financial reporting' as adopted by the EU pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 as it applies to the EU.

 

The annual financial statements of the Group for the year ending 28 August 2021 will be prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) adopted pursuant to Regulation (EC) No 1606/2002 as it applies in the EU and in accordance with international accounting standards in conformity with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. As required by the Disclosure Guidance and Transparency Rules of the Financial Conduct Authority, this condensed set of financial statements has been prepared applying the accounting policies and presentation that were applied in the preparation of the Company's published consolidated financial statements for the year ended 29 August 2020 which were prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the EU.

 

The Group is expected to have a sufficient level of financial resources available through operating cash flows and existing bank facilities for a period of at least 12 months from the signing date of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements. The Group has operated within all its banking covenants throughout the period. In addition, the Group's main banking facility is in place until November 2023 and an invoice discounting facility is in place until August 2023.

 

Detailed cash forecasts continue to be updated regularly for a period of at least 12 months from the reporting period end. These forecasts are sensitised for various worst case scenarios including a COVID-19 outbreak resulting in a short term closure, delays on order books, and reduced payments from customers. The results of this stress testing showed that, due to the stability of the core business, the Group would be able to withstand the impact of these severe but plausible downside scenarios occurring over the period of the forecasts.

 

In addition, several other mitigating measures remain available and within the control of the Directors that were not included in the scenarios. These include withholding discretionary capital expenditure and reducing or cancelling future dividend payments.

 

Consequently, the Directors are confident that the Group will have sufficient funds to continue to meet its liabilities as they fall due for at least 12 months from the signing date of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements. The Group therefore continues to adopt the going concern basis in preparing its condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

 

3.         Accounting policies

 

The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those of the previous financial year except for:

 

Taxation

Income taxes are accrued based on management's estimate of the weighted average annual income tax rate expected for the full financial year based on enacted or substantively enacted tax rates at 27 February 2021. Our effective tax rate was 21.1% (H1 2020: 19.1%) after adjusting for results from associate and joint ventures, which are reported net of tax, and adjustments to contingent consideration (note 8) which is treated as non-taxable. The higher effective tax rate is due to a higher mix of overseas profits.

 

4.         Significant judgements and estimates

 

The preparation of interim financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, income and expense.  Actual results may differ from these estimates.

 

In preparing these condensed interim financial statements, the significant judgements made by management in applying the Group's accounting policies and the key sources of estimation uncertainty were the same as those that applied to the consolidated financial statements for the 52 weeks ended 29 August 2020, with the exception of changes in estimates that are required in determining the provision for income taxes as explained in note 3. 

 

5.         Financial risk management

 

The Group's activities expose it to a variety of financial risks: market risk (including currency risk and price risk), credit risk and liquidity risk.

 

The condensed interim financial statements do not include all financial risk management information and disclosures required in the annual financial statements; they should be read in conjunction with the Group's annual financial statements as at 29 August 2020.  The impact of COVID-19 is discussed further in the interim management report.

 

6.         Operating segment information

 

The Group's chief operating decision-maker ("CODM") has been identified as the Executive Directors.  Management has determined the operating segments based on the information reviewed by the CODM for the purposes of allocating resources and assessing performance.

 

The CODM considers the business from a product/services perspective.  Following a strategic and operational review reportable operating segments have been identified as Speciality Agriculture, Agricultural Supplies and Engineering.  Central comprises the central business activities of the Group's head office, which earns no external revenues. Performance is assessed using operating profit.  For internal purposes the CODM assesses operating profit before material adjusting items (note 8) consistent with the presentation in the financial statements.  The CODM believes this measure provides a better reflection of the Group's underlying performance. Sales between segments are carried out at arm's length. 

 

The following tables present revenue, profit, asset and liability information regarding the Group's operating segments for the 26 weeks ended 27 February 2021 and the comparative periods.

 

 

 

26 weeks ended 27 February 2021	Speciality Agriculture £'000	Agricultural Supplies £'000	Engineering £'000	Central          £'000	Group          £'000
Total segment revenue	44,075	137,687	23,565	-	205,327
Inter segment revenue	(3,888)	(3)	(1)	-	(3,892)
Revenue from external customers	40,187	137,684	23,564	-	201,435
Adjusted¹ EBITDA²	7,885	3,466	2,205	(1,404)	12,152
Depreciation, amortisation and profit/(loss) on disposal of non-current assets	(785)	(1,320)	(1,283)	(91)	(3,479)
Share of post-tax results of associate and joint ventures	1,054	1,142	-	-	2,196
Adjusted¹ operating profit	8,154	3,288	922	(1,495)	10,869
Adjusting items (note 8)	(245)	-	78	(30)	(197)
Operating profit	7,909	3,288	1,000	(1,525)	10,672
Finance income					135
Finance costs					(633)
Adjusted¹ profit before taxation					10,371
Adjusting items (note 8)					(197)
Profit before taxation					10,174
Segment gross assets	49,348	112,686	78,421	24,142	264,597

 

Segment gross liabilities

(11,497)

(56,126)

(28,591)

(31,740)

(127,954)

 

 

1 Adjusted results are consistent with how business performance is measured internally and is presented to aid comparability of performance. Adjusting items are disclosed in note 8.

²   Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, profit/(loss) on the disposal of non-current assets and before share of post-tax results of associate and joint ventures.

 

 

The following tables have been restated to present Speciality Agriculture and Agricultural Supplies separately. This is to aid comparability with the segmental information presented for the current period to 27 February 2021.

 

26 weeks ended 29 February 2020 (restated)	Speciality Agriculture £'000	Agricultural Supplies £'000	Engineering £'000	Central           £'000	Group          £'000
Total segment revenue	39,909	138,445	24,919	-	203,273
Inter segment revenue	(3,311)	(4)	(1)	-	(3,316)
Revenue from external customers	36,598	138,441	24,918	-	199,957
Adjusted¹ EBITDA²	6,211	2,840	2,492	195	11,738
Depreciation, amortisation and profit/(loss) on disposal of non-current assets	(640)	(1,302)	(1,277)	(89)	(3,308)
Share of post-tax results of associate and joint ventures	967	925	-	-	1,892
Adjusted¹ operating profit	6,538	2,463	1,215	106	10,322
Adjusting items (note 8)	1,068	(74)	(76)	-	918
Operating profit	7,606	2,389	1,139	106	11,240
Finance income					178
Finance costs					(905)
Adjusted¹ profit before taxation					9,595
Adjusting items (note 8)					918
Profit before taxation					10,513
Segment gross assets	49,098	121,952	83,786	18,243	273,079

 

Segment gross liabilities

(10,574)

(70,122)

(30,896)

(30,582)

(142,174)

 

52 weeks ended 29 August 2020 (restated)	Speciality Agriculture £'000	Agricultural Supplies £'000	Engineering £'000	Central           £'000	Group          £'000
Total segment revenue	66,948	280,740	53,020	-	400,708
Inter segment revenue	(5,058)	(8)	(12)	-	(5,078)
Revenue from external customers	61,890	280,732	53,008	-	395,630
Adjusted¹ EBITDA²	7,914	6,884	6,754	(781)	20,771
Depreciation, amortisation and profit/(loss) on disposal of non-current assets	(1,366)	(2,665)	(2,944)	(182)	(7,157)
Share of post-tax results of associate and joint ventures	1,061	1,572	-	-	2,633
Adjusted¹ operating profit	7,609	5,791	3,810	(963)	16,247
Adjusting items (note 8)	730	(688)	(2,449)	-	(2,407)
Operating profit	8,339	5,103	1,361	(963)	13,840
Finance income					313
Finance costs					(1,656)
Adjusted¹ profit before taxation					14,904
Adjusting items (note 8)					(2,407)
Profit before taxation					12,497
Segment gross assets	47,367	98,046	83,852	18,078	247,343

 

Segment gross liabilities

(8,845)

(44,664)

(31,156)

(28,509)

(113,174)

 

1 Adjusted results are consistent with how business performance is measured internally and is presented to aid comparability of performance. Adjusting items are disclosed in note 8.

²   Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, profit/(loss) on the disposal of non-current assets and before share of post-tax results of associate and joint ventures.
 

 

7.         Disaggregation of revenue

 

The following table presents the Group's reported revenue disaggregated based on the timing of revenue recognition.

 

	26 weeks ended 27 February 2021	26 weeksended  29 February 2020	52 weeks ended 29 August 2020
Timing of revenue recognition	£'000	£'000	£'000
Over time	18,464	16,054	34,790
At a point in time	182,971	183,903	360,840
	201,435	199,957	395,630

 

 

8.         Adjusting items

 

	26 weeks                                             ended                                   27 February                                               2021                                              £'000	26 weeks ended 29 February 2020 £'000	52 weeks                 ended          29 August                   2020                  £'000
Amortisation of acquired intangible assets (i)	621	687	1,380
Adjustments to contingent consideration (ii)	(671)	(2,147)	(937)
Restructuring/closure costs (iii)	247	542	1,964
	197	(918)	2,407

 

 

(i)      Amortisation of acquired intangible assets which do not relate to the underlying profitability of the Group but rather relate to costs arising on acquisition of businesses.

            

(ii)     Adjustments to contingent consideration arise from the revaluation of contingent consideration in respect of acquisitions to fair value at the period end. Movements in fair value arise from changes to the expected payments since the previous period end based on actual results and updated forecasts. Any increase or decrease in fair value is recognised through the income statement.

 

(iii)      Restructuring/closure costs include redundancy costs and impairments of assets to recoverable amounts.

                          

 

 

9.         Earnings per share

 

Adjusting items disclosed in note 8 that are charged or credited to profit do not relate to the underlying profitability of the Group.  The Board believes adjusted profit before these items provides a useful measure of business performance.  Therefore, an adjusted earnings per share is presented as follows:

 

	26 weeks                          ended       27 February 2021	26 weeks                           ended        29 February 2020	52 weeks                             ended              29 August 2020
	£'000	£'000	£'000
Earnings	7,574	8,565	9,533
Adjusting items:
Amortisation of acquired intangible assets	621	687	1,380
Adjustments to contingent consideration	(671)	(2,147)	(937)
Restructuring/closure costs	247	542	1,964
Taxation effect of the above	(167)	(225)	(639)
Non-controlling interest in the above	-	(29)	(273)
Earnings - adjusted	7,604	7,393	11,028
	Number	Number	Number
Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue	92,588,219	92,214,566	92,346,828
Potentially dilutive share options	2,813,125	1,669,575	1,384,216
	95,401,344	93,884,141	93,731,044
Earnings per share (pence)
Basic	8.2p	9.3p	10.3p
Diluted	7.9p	9.1p	10.2p
Adjusted	8.2p	8.0p	11.9p
Diluted adjusted	8.0p	7.9p	11.8p

 

 

10.       Dividends

 

An interim dividend of £2,079,551 (H1 2020: £1,034,348) that related to the period to 29 August 2020 was paid on 2 October 2020.  This included the deferred first interim dividend that, under normal circumstances, would have been paid in May 2020. This was deferred due to the uncertainty associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. A final dividend of £2,310,612 (H1 2020: £2,310,140) in respect of the period to 29 August 2020 was paid on 15 January 2021. 

 

11.       Intangible assets, property, plant and equipment, right-of-use assets and investment property

 

	Goodwill           £'000	Other intangible         assets   £'000			Property,    plant and equipment           £'000			Right-of-use assets £'000			Investment property            £'000
26 weeks ended 27 February 2021
Opening net book amount at 30 August 2020	32,041	9,171			38,259		14,856			158
Exchange differences	(511)	(52)			(570)		(17)			-
Additions	-	780			1,628		1,818			-
Disposals and transfers	-	-			(1,748)		861			-
Depreciation and amortisation	-	(781)			(1,960)		(1,253)			(3)
Closing net book amount at 27 February 2021	31,530	9,118			35,609		16,265			155
26 weeks ended 29 February 2020
Opening net book amount at 1 September 2019	32,877		9,318	41,917		-			164
Transition to IFRS 16	-		-	(4,409)		15,903			-
Exchange differences	(807)		(99)	(911)		(48)			-
Additions	-		845	2,569		1,263			-
Disposals	-		-	(90)		-			-
Depreciation, amortisation and impairment	-		(749)	(2,309)		(1,248)			(3)
Closing net book amount as at 29 February 2020	32,070		9,315	36,767		15,870			161

 

Transfers include assets refinanced under a lease and finance leased assets that became owned assets on maturity of the lease term.

 

Capital commitments contracted, but not provided for, by the Group at the period end amounts to £632,000 (2020: £1,559,000).

 

 

12.       Borrowings

	As at       27 February                   2021	As at           29 February                      2020	As at                 29 August                         2020
	£'000	£'000	£'000
Current	8,580	26,855	11,420
Non-current	26,815	27,896	25,021
Total borrowings	35,395	54,751	36,441
Cash and cash equivalents as per the balance sheet	(24,838)	(29,318)	(17,571)
Net debt (excluding leases)	10,557	25,433	18,870
Undrawn facilities	35,324	22,412	35,083
Current borrowings include bank overdrafts of £4.9m (2020: £8.6m). Undrawn facilities include overdraft facilities of £2.5m (2020: £2.5m) that are renewable on an annual basis.

 

Movements in borrowings are analysed as follows:	26 weeks ended 27 February 2021	26 weeks ended              29 February 2020
	£'000	£'000
Balance at start of period (excluding leases)	36,441	49,519
Exchange differences	(235)	(362)
New bank loans/RCF drawdown	4,000	2,500
Repayments of borrowings	(1,200)	(1,247)
(Decrease)/increase in other borrowings	(604)	114
Loan forgiven	(715)	-
Release of deferred borrowing costs	30	30
Net increase to bank overdraft	(2,322)	4,197
Balance at end of period	35,395	54,751

 

New bank loans/RCF drawdown excludes re-financing of assets under new finance lease arrangements. The balance of £49.5m at the start of the comparative period excludes finance leases of £2.9m which were previously included within borrowings as at 31 August 2019 however, on transition to IFRS 16 'Leases' on 1 September 2019, these were presented separately to borrowings on the face of the balance sheet.

 

 

13.       Financial instruments

 

IFRS 13 requires financial instruments that are measured at fair value to be classified according to the valuation technique used:

 

Level 1     -    quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities

Level 2     -    inputs, other than Level 1 inputs, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as                                      prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices)

Level 3     -    unobservable inputs

 

Transfers between levels are deemed to have occurred at the end of the reporting period.  There were no transfers between levels in the above hierarchy in the period.

 

All derivative financial instruments are measured at fair value using Level 2 inputs.  The Group's bankers provide the valuations for the derivative financial instruments at each reporting period end based on mark to market valuation techniques. 

 

Contingent consideration is measured at fair value using Level 3 inputs. Fair value is determined considering the expected payment, which is discounted to present value. The expected payment is determined separately in respect of each individual earn-out agreement taking into consideration the expected level of profitability of each acquisition.

 

The significant unobservable inputs are the projections of future profitability, which have been based on budget and forecast information for the current year and future periods, and the discount rate, which has been based on the incremental borrowing rate. A significant amount of the contingent consideration payable is included within current liabilities and has therefore not been discounted. A reasonable change in the discount rate applied would not have a material impact on the balances recognised within non-current liabilities.

 

The following table presents a reconciliation of the contingent consideration liability measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (level 3).

 

 

	As at          27 February                      2021	As at            29 February                        2020	As at          29 August 2020
	£'000	£'000	£'000
Fair value at the start of the period	3,422	7,954	7,954
Exchange differences	(12)	(175)	(184)
Payments made to vendors (including legal costs)	(131)	(1,473)	(2,513)
Change in fair value	(671)	(3,027)	(1,835)
Fair value at the end of the period	2,608	3,279	3,422

 

14.       Retirement benefit asset

 

The amounts recognised in the Income Statement are as follows:

 

	26 weeks              ended          27 February                     2021	26 weeks                   Ended          29 February                     2020	52 weeks               ended        29 August                 2020
	£'000	£'000	£'000
Administrative expenses	9	9	13
Net interest on the net defined benefit asset	(74)	(70)	(139)
Total income	(65)	(61)	(126)

 

Net interest on the defined benefit retirement asset is recognised within interest income.

 

The amounts recognised in the Balance Sheet are as follows:

 

	As at        27 February                    2021	As at        29 February                    2020	As at          29 August                  2020
	£'000	£'000	£'000
Present value of funded defined benefit obligations	(62,685)	(67,203)	(65,834)
Fair value of scheme assets	70,492	73,846	73,871
Surplus in funded scheme	7,807	6,643	8,037

 

Actuarial losses of £295,000 (2020: £1,187,000) have been reported in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. The surplus has decreased over the period since 29 August 2020 due to changes in market conditions contributing to an overall reduction in the scheme surplus.

 

The Group's associate's defined benefit pension scheme is closed to future service accrual and the valuation for this scheme has not been updated for the half year as any actuarial movements are not considered to be material.

 

 

15.       Share capital

Allotted and fully paid ordinary shares of 2.5p each	Number of          shares	Share capital £'000	Share  premium £'000	Total           £'000
Opening balance as at 30 August 2020	92,465,833	2,312	9,176	11,488
Proceeds from shares issued:
- LTIP	309,823	7	-	7
- Share save scheme	421,744	11	437	448
At 27 February 2021	93,197,400	2,330	9,613	11,943
Opening balance at 1 September 2019	91,942,005	2,299	9,165	11,464
Proceeds from shares issued:
- LTIP	513,604	13	-	13
At 29 February 2020	92,455,609	2,312	9,165	11,477

 

309,823 shares were issued in the period to satisfy the share awards under the LTIP scheme which were exercised in December 2020.

 

421,744 shares were issued in the period to satisfy the share awards under the share save scheme with exercise proceeds of £447,611.  The related weighted average price of the shares exercised in the period was £1.061 per share. At the period end the Company holds 50,045 of these shares in treasury.

 

As announced on 1 April 2021 the Company's issued share capital had increased to 93,544,724 shares of which 75,955 shares were held in treasury. The increase in issued share capital was due to the issue of 347,324 shares under the share save scheme with exercise proceeds of £368,511 and a related weighted average exercise price of £1.061 per share.

 

16.       Cash generated from continuing operations

 

	26 weeks                 ended       27 February                   2021	26 weeks                  ended        29 February                    2020	52 weeks               ended         29 August                 2020
	£'000	£'000	£'000
Profit for the period from continuing operations	8,460	9,131	10,922
Adjustments for:
Tax	1,714	1,382	1,575
Tax credit in respect of R&D	(180)	(240)	(250)
Depreciation and impairment of property, plant and equipment	1,960	2,309	4,567
Depreciation and impairment of right-of-use assets	1,253	1,248	2,462
Depreciation of investment property	3	3	6
Intangible asset amortisation	781	749	1,513
Loss/(profit) on disposal of property, plant and equipment	103	(51)	265
Profit on disposal of right-of-use assets	-	-	(37)
Adjustments to contingent consideration	(671)	(2,147)	(937)
Net fair value charge/(credit) on share based payments	255	(277)	(137)
Release of loan provision	-	-	(783)
Other non-cash adjustments	(157)	(618)	(504)
Interest income	(135)	(178)	(313)
Interest expense and borrowing costs	663	935	1,716
Share of results of associate and joint ventures	(2,196)	(1,892)	(2,633)
IAS 19 income statement charge (excluding interest):
Administrative expenses	9	9	13
Changes in working capital (excluding the effects of    acquisitions):
(Increase)/decrease in inventories	(2,783)	(3,348)	4,811
(Increase)/decrease in receivables	(7,872)	(4,976)	3,862
Increase/(decrease) in payables	14,749	5,801	(3,479)
Cash generated from continuing operations	15,956	7,840	22,639

 

17.   Related party transactions

 

The Group's significant related parties are its associate and joint ventures, as disclosed in the Annual Report and Accounts 2020.

 

	Sales to	Purchases from	Rent receivable from	Net management  charges (from)/to	Dividends receivable from	Amounts owed from	Amounts owed to
	£'000	£'000	£'000	£'000	£'000	£'000	£'000
26 weeks to 27 February 2021
Associate	346	(60,865)	10	(69)	368	368	(20,539)
Joint ventures	373	(229)	-	82	-	1,623	(102)
26 weeks to 29 February 2020
Associate	280	(55,183)	10	(69)	294	214	(24,334)
Joint ventures	238	(143)	-	80	-	1,756	(2)

 

 

18.       Alternative performance measures

 

The Interim Results include alternative performance measures ("APMs"), which are not defined or specified under the requirements of IFRS. These APMs are consistent with how business performance is measured internally and therefore the Directors believe that these APMs provide stakeholders with additional useful information on the Group's performance.

 

Alternative performance measure	Definition and comments
EBITDA	Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, profit/(loss) on the disposal of non-current assets and before share of post-tax results of the associate and joint ventures. EBITDA allows the user to assess the profitability of the Group's core operations before the impact of capital structure, debt financing and non-cash items such as depreciation and amortisation.
Adjusted EBITDA	Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation, profit/(loss) on the disposal of non-current assets, before share of post-tax results of the associate and joint ventures and excluding items regarded by the Directors as adjusting items. This measure is reconciled to statutory operating profit and statutory profit before taxation in note 6.  EBITDA allows the user to assess the profitability of the Group's core operations before the impact of capital structure, debt financing and non-cash items such as depreciation and amortisation.
Adjusted operating profit	Operating profit after adding back items regarded by the Directors as adjusting items. This measure is reconciled to statutory operating profit in the income statement and note 6. Adjusted results are presented because if included, these adjusting items could distort the understanding of the Group's performance for the period and the comparability between the periods presented.
Adjusted profit before taxation	Profit before taxation after adding back items regarded by the Directors as adjusting items. This measure is reconciled to statutory profit before taxation in the income statement and note 6. Adjusted results are presented because if included, these adjusting items could distort the understanding of the Group's performance for the period and the comparability between the periods presented.
Adjusted earnings per share	Profit attributable to the equity holders of the Company after adding back items regarded by the Directors as adjusting items after tax divided by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period. This is reconciled to basic earnings per share in note 9.
Adjusted diluted earnings per share	Profit attributable to the equity holders of the Company after adding back items regarded by the Directors as adjusting items after tax divided by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the period adjusted for the effects of any potentially dilutive options. Diluted earnings per share is shown in note 9.
Net debt	The net position of the Group's cash at bank and borrowings. Details of the movement in borrowings is shown in note 12.