Company Announcements

     24 April 2024

Bay Capital Plc

("Bay Capital" or the "Company")

Full Year Results for the period ended 31 December 2023

Bay Capital Plc (LSE: BAY) has today published its Annual Report and Financial Statements for the period ended 31 December 2023 (the "Annual Report").

In accordance with Listing Rule 9.6.1 copies of the Annual Report have been submitted to the FCA and will shortly be available to view on the Company's website at https://www.baycapitalplc.com/ and for inspection from the National Storage Mechanism at: https://data.fca.org.uk/#/nsm/nationalstoragemechanism.

LEI: 213800F59868OZQU6E56

Enquiries

Chairman's Statement

I am pleased to present the financial results for Bay Capital Plc ("Bay", or the "Company") and its subsidiary (together the "Group") for the year ended 31 December 2023.

Since establishing the Company in 2021, we have remained focused on implementing our strategy and continue to assess acquisition opportunities where we believe there to be sustainable growth potential either organically or through acquisition. During the year, we progressed a number of these opportunities, some to advanced stages, and although we are yet to complete our inaugural transaction, the majority of our IPO placing proceeds remain intact and we continue to advance a number of interesting opportunities from our acquisition pipeline.

We remain positive about the prospects of our sectors of focus across the broader industrials market, particularly given the current trough in the economic cycle we find ourselves in. This continues to present a series of opportunities at potentially interesting entry points, which if secured, we believe have the potential to create shareholder value.

We thank our loyal shareholders for their continued support while we diligently pursue our inaugural acquisition, and look forward to updating in due course as our plans progress.

Peter Tom CBE

Chairman

23 April 2024

Report of the Directors

The Directors of the Company present their report for the year ended 31 December 2023.

PRINCIPAL ACTIVITY AND BUSINESS REVIEW

For the financial year ended 31 December 2023, the Group and Company's principal activity was that of a holding group and company respectively. The Group and Company have actively pursued their strategy through the sourcing and assessment of acquisition and investment opportunities in the industrial, construction and business services sectors, together with software and technology companies which service those industries.

RESULTS

During the year, Bay recorded a loss of £1,306,686 (2022: loss of £251,321) and the loss per share was 1.87p (2022: loss per share of 0.36p), reflecting moderate monthly operating expenses of the Group and costs relating to acquisition activity. The Group and Company had cash reserves at the end of the year of £6,067,461 (2022: £6,458,073).

DIVIDENDS

At this point in the Company's development, it does not anticipate declaring any dividends in the foreseeable future. As such, the Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend for the year.

FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS

The Directors expect to continue to execute the Group's strategy in sourcing and assessing acquisition and investment opportunities across its stated sectors of focus.

KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

The Board continues to focus on maximising shareholder value by sourcing, assessing and where in the interest of shareholders to do so, investing in and acquiring growing businesses within the industrial, construction and business services sectors.

Following completion of the Company's inaugural transaction, the Board will be in a position to identify and develop its key performance indicators for on-going monitoring and management.

GOING CONCERN

The Directors, having made due and careful enquiry, are of the opinion that the Group and Company have adequate working capital to execute their operations over the next 12 months. The Group and Company's unaudited cash balance as at 12 April 2024 was £5,212,927, and excluding the consummation of any investment or acquisition which will likely require specific funding, have adequate resources available to fund the on-going forecasted operating expenses for at least twelve months following approval of the financial statements. The Directors, therefore, have made an informed judgement, at the time of approving the financial statements, that there is a reasonable expectation that the Group and Company have adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. As a result, the Directors have adopted the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the annual financial statements (see Note 2).

RISK MANAGEMENT

In order to execute the Group's strategy, the Company and its subsidiaries will be exposed to both financial and non‑financial risks. The Board has overall responsibility for the Group's risk management and it is the Board's role to consider whether those risks identified by management are acceptable within the Group's strategy and risk appetite. The Board therefore periodically reviews the principal risks and considers how effective and appropriate the controls that management has in place to mitigate the risk exposure are and will make recommendations to management accordingly.

As the Company had not completed its first investment or acquisition in the period, it has limited financial statements and/or historical financial data, and limited trading history. As such, the Company during the period was subject to the risks and uncertainties associated with an early-stage acquisition company, including the risk that the Company will not achieve its investment objectives and that the value of an investment could decline and may result in the partial or complete loss of capital invested. The past performance of investee companies or assets managed by the Directors will not necessarily be a guide to future business, results of operations, financial condition or prospects of the Company.

In order to mitigate against these risks, the Directors will continue to undertake thorough due diligence on investment opportunities and acquisition targets, to a level considered reasonable and appropriate by the Company on a case‑by‑case basis, including the potential commissioning of third-party specialist reports as appropriate. Following completion of any investment or acquisition, it is intended that any investments or assets will be managed by the Directors and assisted by the Company's professional advisers.

Financial Risk Management

The Directors considered the Group to be exposed to the following financial risks:

a.      Price risk: the price paid for securities is subject to market movement that will have an impact on the operations of the Group;

b.      Cash flow interest rate risk: the Group has significant cash balances which exposed it to movement in the market interest rates; and

c.      Liquidity risk: the Group manages its cash requirements through detailed forecasting and planning for amount and timing of payments and receipts of interest income, to ensure cash resources are available when required.

Given the relatively small size and operation of the Group in the year, the Directors did not delegate the responsibility of risk monitoring to a sub-committee of the Board, but closely monitored the risks on a periodic basis. The Directors consider their exposure in the financial year to have been low. Refer to Note 14 for assessment of the risks arising from financial instruments.

Non-financial Risk Management

The non-financial risk factors for the year ended 31 December 2023 did not materially change from those set out in Bay's Prospectus dated 27 September 2021.

GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS, ENERGY CONSUMPTION AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY

As the Company has not completed its first acquisition and has only two Directors and one employee, limited travel and no premises, the Directors do not consider any disclosure under the Task Force on Climate-related Financial Disclosures is required at this juncture, however the Company will review this position as it executes its investment and acquisition strategy.

POLITICAL CONTRIBUTIONS

The Company has made no political contributions during the year.

CHARITABLE DONATIONS

The Company has made no charitable donations during the year.

POST BALANCE SHEET EVENTS

There have been no significant post balance sheet events. See Note 20.

SHARE CAPITAL

Details of the Company's share capital is set out in Note 15. The Company's share capital consists of one class of ordinary share, which does not carry rights to fixed income. As at 31 December 2023, there were 70,000,000 ordinary shares of 1p par value each in issue.

SIGNIFICANT SHAREHOLDERS

As at 12 April 2024, the Company had been advised of the following notifiable interests (whether directly or indirectly held) in voting rights.

* Nominee entity holding indirect and direct interests of Peter Tom CBE, Chairman of the Company

As at 12 April 2024, the Directors in aggregate held 29,250,000 ordinary shares, which represents 41.8 per cent. of the Company's issued share capital.

The Directors who held office during the year and their beneficial interest in the share capital of the Company at 31 December 2023 were as follows:

* Peter Tom's shareholding is held via Hermco Property Limited

COMPANY DIRECTORS (BOARD)

The Directors during the year and summaries of their experience are set out below.

Peter Tom CBE Chairman

Peter is one of the aggregates industry's longest serving and most experienced executives, holding high-profile executive and non-executive roles serving publicly listed and private organisations in the industry, sport and the not‑for-profit sector. He most recently served as Executive Chairman of Breedon Group, (LSE: BREE) the UK's largest independent aggregates business, which he co-founded with David Williams (a Director of the Company) and Simon Vivian in 2008. Under Peter's leadership, Breedon grew from a £13 million listed cash shell into a business worth £1.5 billion, leading the consolidation of the UK aggregates industry.

Prior to establishing Breedon, Peter was the Chief Executive Officer and latterly Non-Executive Chairman of Aggregate Industries, which he developed into a leading international building materials group before negotiating its sale to Holcim for £1.8 billion in 2005. His early career was spent at Bardon Hill Quarries, where he rose to become Chief Executive of the Bardon Group Plc in 1985. He went on to lead Bardon's merger with Evered Plc in 1991 and the enlarged group's subsequent merger with CAMAS in 1997 to form Aggregate Industries Plc.

In 2006, Peter was awarded a CBE for services to Business and Sport. He holds Honorary Degrees from both Leicester and De Montfort University and is Chairman of Leicester Rugby Football Club, (Leicester Tigers) a role he has held for more than 20 years following a playing career comprising 130 appearances for the club as a lock forward between 1963 and 1968.

David Williams Non-Executive Director

David has significant experience in investment markets, serving as Chairman in executive and non-executive capacities for a number of public and private companies. He has overseen the development of these companies, raising in excess of £1 billion of capital to support both organic and acquisitive growth initiatives.

David was the original founder of Marwyn Capital LLP, the award-winning investment management company. David was also formerly Chairman of Entertainment One Ltd. (LSE: ETO), Zetar Plc, and Waste Recycling Group Plc, and Non-Executive director of Breedon Group Plc (LSE: BREE). He currently serves as Non-Executive Chairman of the AIM-quoted cyber security business, Shearwater Group Plc (AIM: SWG) and Main Market listed Acceler8 Ventures Plc (LSE: AC8) and Red Capital Plc (LSE: REDC).

DIRECTORS' REMUNERATION

The two Directors of the company during the year, Peter Tom and David Williams, were each entitled to fees of £30,000 and £20,000 per annum for their respective roles within the Company, as per their service agreements entered into on 14 September 2021. There were no other benefits paid to these Directors outside of their service fees, save for ordinary course reimbursable expenses properly incurred in the performing of their duties as Directors.

* Peter Tom's fees are paid through Rise Rocks Limited, a company wholly owned by him

In addition to the Director fees outlined above, the Directors are also participants in the Subco Incentive Scheme and holders of warrants as detailed below.

SUBCO INCENTIVE SCHEME

The Directors believe that the success of the Company will depend to a high degree on the future performance of key employees and advisers in executing and supporting the Company's growth strategy. The Company has therefore established equity-based incentive arrangements which are, and will continue to be, an important means of retaining, attracting and motivating key employees, consultants and advisers, and also for aligning the interests of the Directors with those of shareholders.

On 14 September 2021, the Group created a new Subco Incentive Scheme within its wholly owned subsidiary Bay Capital Subco Limited. Under the terms of the Subco Incentive Scheme, scheme participants are only rewarded if a predetermined level of shareholder value is created over a three to five year period or upon a change of control of the Company or Subco (whichever occurs first), calculated on a formula basis by reference to the growth in market capitalisation of the Company, following adjustments for the issue of any new ordinary shares and taking into account dividends and capital returns ("Shareholder Value"), realised by the exercise by the beneficiaries of a put option in respect of their shares in Subco and satisfied either in cash or by the issue of new ordinary shares at the election of the Company.

Under these arrangements in place, participants are entitled up to 15 per cent. of the Shareholder Value created, subject to such Shareholder Value having increased by at least 10 per cent. per annum compounded over a period of between three and five years from admission, or following a change of control of the Company or Subco.

In order to implement the Subco Incentive Scheme, the Company as sole shareholder of Subco, approved the creation of a new share class in Subco (the "B Shares"). At the same time the Subco's existing ordinary shares were redesignated A Shares. The B Shares do not have voting or dividend rights.

On 14 September 2021, Hermco Property Limited (a company controlled by Peter Tom, Chairman of the Company), David Williams, a Non-Executive Director of the Company, and Kathleen Long and Anthony Morris, Directors of Tessera Investment Management Limited, became the first participants in the Subco Incentive Scheme ("Founder Participants"). As such, the proportion of Shareholder Value attaching to the Subco Incentive Scheme is 11 per cent. of a total cap of 15 per cent.

The Participants and their respective B share holdings as at 31 December 2023 are outlined below.

* Nominee entity holding indirect and direct interests of Peter Tom CBE, Chairman of the Company

WARRANTS

On 13 September 2021, the Company constituted 70,000,000 warrants on the terms of an instrument under which the Company issued 30,000,000 warrants to certain existing shareholders of the Company including the Directors, and a further 40,000,000 warrants on admission of the Company to the Main Market of the London Stock Exchange.

The warrants are exercisable at any time from the date of completion of the inaugural transaction (an investment or acquisition) made by the Company where the consideration for such transaction is at least £10 million at a price of £0.10 per ordinary share. These warrants can be exercised through application to the Company. The warrants will not be listed on the London Stock Exchange or any other publicly traded market.

The Directors' respective warrant holdings are detailed below.

* Nominee entity holding indirect and direct interests of Peter Tom CBE, Chairman of the Company

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

As a Jersey company and a company with a Standard Listing, the Company is not required to comply with the provisions of the UK Corporate Governance Code 2018. Furthermore, there is no applicable regime of corporate governance to which the directors of a Jersey company must adhere over and above the general fiduciary duties and duties of care, skill and diligence imposed on such directors under Jersey law. Notwithstanding this, the Directors are committed to maintaining high standards of corporate governance and will be responsible for carrying out the Company's objectives and implementing its business strategy. All investment, acquisition, divestment and other strategic decisions are considered and determined by the Board.

At present, the Board reviewed investment and acquisition opportunities on an as required basis, and met regularly with its Strategic Advisor to discuss possible inorganic growth opportunities, as well as monitor deal flow and investment and acquisitions in progress, and review the Company's strategy to ensure that it remains aligned to the delivery of shareholder value. Those investment and acquisition opportunities that are assessed by the Board (with support from its Strategic Advisor) are considered in light of the investment and acquisition criteria as detailed in the Company's Prospectus.

In addition, as part of the investment and acquisition screening process, the Company will augment Board and Strategic Advisor capability on a case by case basis as required with industry and operating partner input, where deep domain expertise can be accessed. The Board provides leadership within a framework of prudent and effective controls. The Board has established the corporate governance values of the Company and has overall responsibility for setting the Company's strategic aims, defining the business plan and strategy and managing the financial and operational resources of the Company.

In this regard, the Board, so far as is practicable given the Company's size and stage of its development, has voluntarily adopted the QCA Code as its chosen corporate governance framework. There are certain provisions of the QCA Code which the Company will not currently adhere to, and their adoption will be delayed until such time as the Directors believe it appropriate to do so. It is anticipated that this will occur concurrently with the Company's first material investment or acquisition.

The Company will seek to develop its corporate governance position, and will address key differences to the QCA Code. Specifically, it is anticipated this will include:

i.       the augmentation of the Board with suitably qualified additional executive and non-executive directors including independents;

ii.      the implementation of audit, remuneration and nomination committees with appropriate terms of reference;

iii.      a formalised annual evaluation and review process covering the Board and Committees, including succession planning;

iv.     the publication of KPIs;

v.      the development of a corporate and social responsibility policy; and

vi.     an enhanced risk management and governance framework tailored to the operating assets and strategic direction of the enlarged entity.

ROLE OF THE BOARD

The Board is responsible for the management of the business of the Group, setting the strategic direction of the Group and establishing the policies of the Group. It is the Directors' responsibility to oversee the financial position of the Group and monitor the business and affairs of the Group, on behalf of the shareholders, to whom they are accountable. The primary duty of the Directors is to act in the best interests of the Group and Company at all times. The Board also addresses issues relating to internal control and the Group's approach to risk management and has formally adopted an anti-corruption and bribery policy.

The Group does not have a separate investing committee and therefore the Board as a whole will be responsible for sourcing acquisitions and ensuring that opportunities conform with the Group's strategy.

The Group holds four formal Board meetings a year, with unscheduled meetings as matters arise which require the attention of the Board. Formal Board meetings are timed to link to key events in the Group's corporate calendar. Outside the scheduled and unscheduled meetings of the Board, the Directors maintain frequent contact with each other to keep them fully briefed on the Group's operations.

INTERNAL CONTROLS

The Board acknowledges its responsibility for establishing and monitoring the Group's systems of internal control. Although no system of internal control can provide absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss, the Group's systems are designed to provide the Directors with reasonable assurance that problems can be identified on a timely basis and dealt with appropriately.

The Group maintains an appropriate process for financial reporting. The annual budget is reviewed and approved by the Board before being formally adopted.

Other key procedures that have been established and which are designed to provide effective control are as follows:

Management structure - The Board meets regularly on a formal and informal basis to discuss all issues affecting the Group.

Investment appraisal - The Group has a robust framework for investment appraisal and approval is required by the Board, where appropriate.

Share dealing and inside information - the Company has adopted a share dealing code regulating trading and confidentiality of inside information for the Directors and other persons discharging managerial responsibilities (and their persons closely associated) which contains provisions appropriate for a company whose shares are admitted to trading on the Official List (particularly relating to dealing during closed periods which will be in line with the Market Abuse Regulation). The Company takes all reasonable steps to ensure compliance by the Directors and any relevant employees with the terms of that share dealing code.

The Board reviews the effectiveness of the systems of internal control and considers the major business risks and the control environment. No significant deficiencies have come to light during the period and no weaknesses in internal financial control have resulted in any material losses, or contingencies which would require disclosure, as recommended by the guidance for Directors on reporting on internal financial control.

The Directors are focused on careful management of the Group's cash and financial resources through Board level approvals. At such time that the Group completes an acquisition, the Directors anticipate that the Group's financial position and prospects procedures regime will be updated and expanded as necessary to cater for the nature of the Group's business following completion of its inaugural investment or acquisition.

BOARD EVALUATION

In the year, the Board evaluation process was limited to an ongoing informal evaluation of the performance of the Board by each Director. This will be replaced by a formal, annual evaluation process once the Group has completed its first acquisition.

EXTERNAL ADVISERS

The Board accessed the following external advisers during the year and post the year end:

Mayer Brown International LLP and Ogier (Jersey) LLP - legal

Tessera Investment Management Limited - capital markets and M&A

JTC Plc - company secretarial, governance and regulatory filings

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST

A Director has a duty to avoid a situation in which he or she has, or can have, a direct or indirect interest that conflicts, or possibly may conflict, with the interests of the Company. The Board has satisfied itself that there are no conflicts of interest where the Directors have appointments on the Boards of, or relationships with, companies outside the Company. Furthermore, the Board requires Directors to declare all appointments and other situations which could result in a possible conflict of interest, and therefore believes it has a robust framework to deal with any conflict of interest should it arise.

RELATIONS WITH SHAREHOLDERS

The Chairman is the Group's principal spokesperson with investors, fund managers, the media and other interested parties. As well as the Annual General Meeting with shareholders, the other Director may give formal presentations at investor road shows following the announcement of interim and full year results.

Notice of this year's Annual General Meeting will shortly be sent to shareholders.

DISCLOSURE OF INFORMATION TO THE INDEPENDENT AUDITOR

So far as the Directors are aware, there is no relevant audit information of which the Group and Company's independent auditor is unaware, and each Director has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken as a Director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the Group and Company's independent auditor is aware of that information.

The Directors confirm to the best of their knowledge that:

·         the financial statements, prepared in accordance with the relevant financial reporting framework, give a true and fair view of the assets, liabilities, financial position and profit or loss of the Group and Company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as whole;

·         the Chairman's Statement and Report of the Directors includes a fair review of the development and performance of the business and the position of the Group and Company and the undertakings included in the consolidation taken as a whole, together with a description of the principal risks and uncertainties that they face; and

·         the annual report and accounts, taken as a whole, are fair, balanced and understandable and provide the information necessary for shareholders to assess the Group and Company's position and performance, business model and strategy.

INDEPENDENT AUDITOR

The independent auditor, PKF Littlejohn LLP, will be proposed for re-appointment at the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD

David Williams

Non-Executive Director

23 April 2024

Statement of Directors' Responsibilities

The Directors are responsible for preparing the Directors' report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Jersey Company law requires the directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the directors have elected to prepare the financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the United Kingdom ("IFRS"). Under company law, the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Group and Company and of the profit or loss of the Group for that year.

In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to:

·         select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;

·         make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent;

·         state whether the Group financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the United Kingdom;

·         state whether the Company financial statements have been prepared in accordance with FRS 101 "Reduced Disclosure Framework"; and

·         prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in business.

The Directors are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Group and Company's transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Group and Company and enable them to ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies (Jersey) Law 1991. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Group and Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

The maintenance and integrity of the Group's website is the responsibility of the Directors. The work carried out by the independent auditors does not involve the consideration of these matters and, accordingly, the independent auditors accept no responsibility for any changes that may have occurred in the accounts since they were initially presented on the website. Legislation in Jersey governing the preparation and dissemination of the accounts and the other information included in annual reports may differ from legislation in other jurisdictions.

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income

For the year ended 31 December 2023

All activities in both the current and the prior year relate to continuing operations.

The notes below form part of these consolidated financial statements.

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position

As at 31 December 2023

The consolidated financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board on 23 April 2024 and were signed on its behalf by:

David Williams

Non-Executive Director

The notes below form part of these consolidated financial statements.

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity

For the year ended 31 December 2023

The notes below form part of these consolidated financial statements.

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

For the year ended 31 December 2023

The notes below form part of these consolidated financial statements.

Notes forming part of the Consolidated Financial Statements

For the year ended 31 December 2023

1 General information

The Company was incorporated on 31 March 2021 as Bay Capital Limited, a private limited company under the laws of Jersey with registered number 134743. On 8 September 2021 the Company was re-registered as an unlisted public limited company and its name was changed to Bay Capital Plc. On 30 September 2021 the Company shares were admitted to trading onto the Main Market of the London Stock Exchange. The Company is the parent company of Bay Capital Subco Limited (a private limited company under the laws of Jersey with registered number 134744).

The address of its registered office is 28 Esplanade, St. Helier, Channel Islands, JE2 3QA, Jersey.

The Group has been incorporated for the purpose of identifying suitable acquisition opportunities in accordance with the Groups investment and acquisition strategy with a view to creating shareholder value. The Group will retain a flexible investment and acquisition strategy which will, subject to appropriate levels of due diligence, enable it to deploy capital in target companies by way of minority or majority investments, or full acquisitions where it is in the interests of shareholders to do so. This will include transactions with target companies located in the UK and internationally.

2 Accounting policies

The accounting policies set out below have, unless otherwise stated, been applied consistently to all periods presented in these consolidated financial statements.

The principal policies adopted in the preparation of the consolidated financial statements are as follows:

(a) Basis of preparation

While the financial information included in this preliminary announcement has been prepared in accordance with the recognition and measurement criteria of International Financial Reporting Standards, this announcement does not itself contain sufficient information to comply with those standards. The Company expects to publish full financial statements that comply with International Financial Reporting Standards in April 2024.

The consolidated financial statements are prepared on the historical cost basis.

(b) Basis of consolidation

The consolidated financial statements present the results of the Company and its subsidiaries (the "Group") as if they formed a single entity. Intercompany transactions and balances between Group companies are therefore eliminated in full.

Where the Group has control over a Company, it is classified as a subsidiary. The Group controls a Company if all three of the following elements are present: power over the Company, exposure to variable returns from the Company, and the ability of the Group to use its power to affect those variable returns. Control is reassessed whenever facts and circumstances indicate that there may be a change in any of these elements of control.

The consolidated financial statements incorporate the results of business combinations using the acquisition method. In the consolidated statement of financial position, the acquiree's identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities are initially authorised at their fair values at the acquisition date. The acquisition related costs are included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income on an accruals basis. The results of acquired operations are included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income from the date on which control is obtained.

(c) Functional and presentational currency

The Group's functional and presentational currency for these financial statements is the pound sterling.

(d) Going concern

The Directors, having made due and careful enquiry, are of the opinion that the Group has adequate working capital to execute its operations over the next 12 months. The Group's unaudited cash balance as at 12 April 2024 was £5,212,927, and excluding the consummation of any investment or acquisition which will likely require specific funding, has adequate resources available to fund the on-going forecasted operating expenses for at least twelve months following approval of the financial statements. The Directors, therefore, have made an informed judgement, at the time of approving the financial statements, that there is a reasonable expectation that the Group has adequate resources to continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. As a result, the Directors have adopted the going concern basis of accounting in preparing the annual financial statements.

(e) Employee benefits

Short-term benefits

Short-term employee benefit obligations are measured on an undiscounted basis and are expensed as the related service is provided. A liability authorised for the amount expected to be paid under short-term cash bonus or profit‑sharing plans if the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation to pay this amount as a result of past service provided by the employee and the obligation can be estimated reliably.

(f) Taxation

Tax on the profit or loss for the year comprises current and deferred tax. Tax authorised in the income statement except to the extent that it relates to it authorised in other comprehensive income or directly in equity, in which case it is recognised in other comprehensive income or equity respectively.

Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

Deferred tax is provided on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for taxation purposes. The following temporary differences are not provided for: the initial recognition of goodwill; the initial recognition of assets or liabilities that affect neither accounting nor taxable profit other than in a business combination, and differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that they will probably not reverse in the foreseeable future. The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates and laws enacted or substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will be available against which the temporary difference can be utilised.

(g) Cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash balances and short-term deposits with an original maturity of three months or less from inception, held for meeting short term commitments.

(h) Financial assets and liabilities

The Group's financial assets and liabilities comprise cash and cash equivalents and accruals. Financial assets are stated at amortised cost less provision for expected credit losses. Financial liabilities are stated at amortised cost.

(i) Share-based payments

The Group operates an equity-settled share-based payment plan. The fair value of the employee services received in exchange for the grant of options is recognised as an expense over the vesting period, based on the Group's estimate of awards that will eventually vest, with a corresponding increase in equity as a share-based payment reserve.

This plan includes market-based vesting conditions for which the fair value at grant date reflects and are therefore not subsequently revisited. The fair value is determined using a binomial model.

(j) Warrants

Warrants issued as part of share issues have been determined as equity instruments under IAS 32. Since the fair value of the shares issued at the same time as the warrants is equal to the price paid, these warrants, by deduction, are considered to have been issued at fair value.

(k) Accounting standards issued

The following amendments to standards were issued and adopted in the year, with no material impact on the financial statements (all effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023):

·         IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts

·         Disclosure of Accounting Policies (Amendments to IAS 1)

·         Definition of Accounting Estimates (Amendments to IAS 8)

·         Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction (Amendments to IAS 12)

There were no other new accounting standards issued that have been adopted in the year.

(l) Standards in issue but not yet effective

At the date of authorisation of these financial statements there were no mandatory amendments to standards which were in issue, but which were not yet effective.

3 Accounting estimates and judgements

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, the Directors have to make judgments on how to apply the Group's accounting policies and make estimates about the future. The Directors do not consider there to be any critical estimates or judgments that have been made in arriving at the amounts recognised in the consolidated financial statements with the exception of the valuation of share-based payments. Please see Note 18 for further details.

4 Employees

Staff costs, including Directors, consist of:

Pension costs related to the company's defined contribution pension scheme. Contributions outstanding at 31 December 2023 were £1,133 (2022: £Nil).

5 Directors' remuneration

The Chairman's fees are paid through Rise Rocks Limited, a Company wholly owned by the Chairman. The two Company Directors and the Company Chief Financial Officer are considered the only key management personnel. In 2023, the total emoluments for key management personnel were £93,365 (2022: £50,000).

6 Operating loss

7 Taxation

Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which the deductible temporary differences and carry forward tax losses/credits can be utilised. Accordingly, the Group has not recognised deferred tax assets in respect of deductible temporary differences and carry forward tax losses as at 31 December 2023 and 31 December 2022 respectively, as it is not probable at year end that relevant taxable profits will be available in the future. There are no expiry dates on these tax losses as at the year end. The unrecognised deferred tax asset is summarised below:

Tax losses and unrecognised deferred tax asset carried forward

8 Earnings per share

Earnings per share is calculated by dividing the loss after tax for the year by the weighted average number of shares in issue for the year, these figures being as follows:

The Subco Incentive Scheme share options (Note 18) have not been included in the diluted EPS on the basis that they are anti-dilutive, however they may become dilutive in future periods.

9 Adjusted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation and amortisation (Adjusted EBITDA)

10 Subsidiaries

The Company directly owns the ordinary share capital of its subsidiary undertakings as set out below:

The address of the registered office of Bay Capital Subco Limited (the "Subco") is 28 Esplanade, St. Helier, Channel Islands, JE2 3QA, Jersey. The Subco was incorporated on 31 March 2021.

The A ordinary shares have full voting rights, full rights to participate in a dividend and full rights to participate in a distribution of capital. The B ordinary shares have been issued pursuant to the Company's Subco Incentive Scheme.

11 Cash and cash equivalents

12 Trade and other receivables

13 Trade and other payables

14 Financial instruments

The Group's financial assets and liabilities mainly comprise cash, and trade and other payables. The carrying value of all financial assets and liabilities equals fair value given their short term in nature.

Credit risk

The Group's credit risk is wholly attributable to its cash balance. All cash balances are held at a reputable bank in Jersey. The credit risk from its cash and cash equivalents is deemed to be low due to the nature and size of the balances held.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Group will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they fall due.

The Group's approach to liquidity risk is to ensure that sufficient liquidity is available to meet foreseeable requirements and to invest funds securely and profitably.

The following table details the contractual maturity of financial liabilities based on the dates the liabilities are due to be settled:

Financial liabilities:

15 Share capital

16 Reserves

Share premium and retained earnings represent balances conventionally attributed to those descriptions. The transaction costs relating to the issue of shares was deducted from share premium.

Capital redemption reserve includes amounts in relation to deferred shared capital.

The Group having no regulatory capital or similar requirements, its primary capital management focus is on maximising earnings per share and therefore shareholder return.

The Directors have proposed that there will be no final dividend in respect of 2023 (2022: £Nil).

17 Share Incentive Plan

On 14 September 2021, the Group created a Subco Incentive Scheme within its wholly owned subsidiary Bay Capital Subco Limited ("Subco"). Under the terms of the Subco Incentive Scheme, scheme participants are only rewarded if a predetermined level of shareholder value is created over a three to five year period or upon a change of control of the Company or Subco (whichever occurs first), calculated on a formula basis by reference to the growth in market capitalisation of the Company, following adjustments for the issue of any new Ordinary shares and taking into account dividends and capital returns ("Shareholder Value"), realised by the exercise by the beneficiaries of a put option in respect of their shares in Subco and satisfied either in cash or by the issue of new ordinary shares at the election of the Company.

Under these arrangements in place, participants are entitled to up to a share of 15 percent of the Shareholder Value created, subject to such Shareholder Value having increased by at least 10 percent. per annum compounded over a period of between three and five years from admission or following a change of control of the Company or Subco.

18 Share-based payments

The Subco Incentive Scheme detailed in Note 17 is an equity-settled share option plan which allows employees and advisors of the Group to sell their B shares to the Company in exchange for a cash payment or for shares in the Company (at the Company's election) if certain conditions are met.

These conditions include good and bad leaver provisions and that growth in Shareholder Value of 10 percent compound per annum is delivered over a three to five year period for the scheme to vest. This second condition is therefore a market condition which has been taken into account in the measurement at grant date of the fair value of the options.

The weighted average exercise price of the outstanding B share options is £0.10 which have a weighted average contractual life remaining of 2 years 9 months. 110,000 B share options were issued in the nine-month period to 31 December 2021, all of which were outstanding at the current year end. No B share options were exercised in the current or prior period. No B share options have expired during the current or prior period.

The Group recognised £10,979 (2022: £10,979) of expenditure statement of total comprehensive income in relation to equity-settled share-based payments in the year.

The fair value of options was determined by applying a binominal model. The expense is apportioned over the vesting period of the option and is based on the number which are expected to vest and the fair value of these options at the date of grant.

The inputs into the binomial model in respect of options granted in the prior period are as follows:

Expected volatility was estimated by reference to the average 5-year volatility of the FTSE SmallCap Index.

The target increase in Shareholder Value is laid out in the Articles of Association of the Subco and represents the compounded target annual increase in market capitalisation (adjusted for capital raises and dividends) that needs to be met between the third and fifth anniversary of the Group's admission onto the London Stock Exchange in order for the scheme to vest.

The Group did not enter into any share-based payment transactions with parties other than employees and advisors during the current or prior period.

19 Related party transactions

Transactions with key management personnel

Key management personnel comprise the Directors and executive officers. The remuneration of the individual Directors is disclosed in the Report of the Directors and key management personnel in note 5.

Other transactions - Group

On 20 August 2021, the Company entered into an arm's length strategic advisory agreement with Tessera Investment Management Limited, a Company which is a shareholder in the Company, pursuant to which Tessera has agreed to provide strategic and general corporate advice, and acquisition and capital raising transaction support services to the Company.

Tessera is entitled to be paid a fixed monthly retainer fee of £5,000 per month payable in arrears. A discretionary transaction success fee payable to Tessera may be agreed between the Company and Tessera with such payment payable on successful completion of an acquisition by the Company. As at 31 December 2023, Tessera was owed £Nil (2022: £6,302) by the Company.

20 Post balance sheet events

There are no events subsequent to the reporting date which would have a material impact on the financial statements.

21 Contingent liabilities

There are no contingent liabilities at the reporting date which would have a material impact on the financial statements.